PSLE
A shop is having a book sale.

The 1st book is at 5% discount.
The 2nd book is at 30% discount.
The price of the 2nd book should be equal or lower than the price of the 1st book.

Gem and Ahmad each bought two books at the sale.

1. Gem's books were priced at $7 and $16. How much less did she pay for the 2nd book than the 1st book? 
2. Ahmad paid a total of $54.70 for his two books. He paid $9.90 less for the 2nd book than for the 1st book. What was the price of the 1st book before discount? 

	1st book	2nd book	Total amount
Original price	100% $16	100% $7
Discount	- 5%	- 30%
Sale price	95%	70%	?

(a)
Selling price of the 1st book
= 95% x 16
= ⁹⁵₁₀₀ x 16
= $15.20

Selling price of 2nd book
= 70% x 7
= ⁷⁰₁₀₀ x 7
= $4.90

Amount that Gem paid less for the 2nd book than the 1st book
= 15.20 - 4.90
= $10.30

	1st book	2nd book	Total amount
Original price	100%	100%
Discount	- 5%	- 30%
Sale price	95%	70%
Compare 1st book and 2nd book	1 u + $9.90	1 u	$54.70

(b)
Sale price of the 1st book = 1 u + 9.90
Sale price of the 2nd book = 1 u

Total amount that Ahmad paid
= 1 u + 9.90 + 1 u
= 2 u + 9.90

2 u + 9.90 = 54.70
2 u = 54.70 - 9.90
2 u = 44.80

1 u = 44.80 ÷ 2 = 22.40

Sale price of the 1st book
= 1 u + 9.90
= $32.30

95% of the price = $32.30
100% of the price = ^32.30₉₅ x 100 = $34

Selling price of the 1st book before discount = $34

Answer(s): (a) $10.30; (b) $34