PSLE Fred uses toothpicks to form figures that follow a pattern. The first four figures are shown.
- The table shows the number of toothpicks used for each figure. Complete the table for Figure 4 and Figure 5. Give your answers in numbers. (Eg 1, 2)
- What is the difference in the number of toothpicks that Fred would use for Figure 12 and Figure 16?
- How many toothpicks would he use for Figure 19?
; (c) 86
(a)
Number of toothpicks used:
Figure 1: 15 = 11 + 4 x 1Figure 2: 18 = 10 + 4 x 2Figure 3: 23 = 11 + 4 x 3Figure 4: 26 = 10 + 4 x 4The formula for the total number of toothpicks used is different for odd-numbered patterns and even-numbered patterns.
Number of toothpicks for odd-numbered figure = 11 + 4 x Figure number
Number of toothpicks for even-numbered figure = 10 + 4 x Figure numberNumber of toothpicks used for Figure 4
= 10 + 4 x 4
= 10 + 16
= 26
Number of toothpicks used for Figure 5
= 11 + 4 x 5
= 11 + 20
= 31
(b)
Since every 2 jumps has the same increase,
difference in the number of toothpicks for Figure 12 and 16
= 2 x 8
= 16
(c)
Figure 19 is an odd number.
Number of toothpicks that Fred would use for Figure 19
= 11 + 4 x Figure number
= 11 + 4 x 19
= 11 + 76
= 87
Answer(s): (a) 26, 31; (b) 16; (c) 87